【精】英語(yǔ)寫作的方法指導(dǎo)6篇
英語(yǔ)寫作的方法指導(dǎo)1
一、議論文的文體特點(diǎn)和寫作要求
英語(yǔ)議論文同中文議論文一樣也是以議論的方式，通過(guò)擺事實(shí)、講道理來(lái)闡述自己觀點(diǎn)的一種文體。高中英語(yǔ)議論文是一種限制性的寫作, 其論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、論證都必須十分明確，學(xué)生必須結(jié)合題目要求來(lái)闡述相關(guān)觀點(diǎn)。
議論文的結(jié)構(gòu)可分為三個(gè)部分：1、引言段引出一個(gè)令人關(guān)注的問(wèn)題或明白地亮出自己的觀點(diǎn)，如提倡什么，支持什么，反對(duì)什么。 2、主體段對(duì)提出的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析、推論、并運(yùn)用歸納法、演繹法和類比法等進(jìn)行論證，取得以理服人的效果。3、結(jié)論段可以用兩三句話來(lái)結(jié)束文章，同時(shí)要注意重申論點(diǎn)，與引言段呼應(yīng)，但不能照搬原話。務(wù)必做到論點(diǎn)明確、要點(diǎn)齊全、論證嚴(yán)密、結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、層次分明、首尾呼應(yīng)。
二、議論文的寫作方法與技巧
一)、審好題
人們常說(shuō)：“磨刀不誤砍柴功”。審題是寫作的開(kāi)始，是寫好作文的前提條件，“好的開(kāi)始是成功的一半”，議論文寫作也不例外。只有明確題目要求，確立觀點(diǎn)，確定論證方法及全文段落安排，才可能成功寫出一篇好的議論文。如果寫偏了題，再精心的構(gòu)思、再好的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)也是枉然。審題主要包括六個(gè)方面：一是判斷議論文所屬類型。英語(yǔ)議論文根據(jù)命題特點(diǎn)，從形式上來(lái)看可分為如下類型: ①“一分為二”的觀點(diǎn)。如：“轎車大量進(jìn)入家庭后，對(duì)家庭、環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)可能產(chǎn)生的影響”。②“兩者選一”的觀點(diǎn)。如：“乘火車還是乘飛機(jī)”。③“我認(rèn)為……”型，如：“你對(duì)課外閱讀的看法”。④“怎樣……(how to)”型，如：“怎樣克服學(xué)習(xí)中碰到的困難”。⑤ 圖表作文，通過(guò)閱讀圖表中的數(shù)字與項(xiàng)目得出一個(gè)結(jié)論或形成一種看法(楊家貴，20xx)。二是確立該文的論點(diǎn)或作者須持的觀點(diǎn)，以及支撐論點(diǎn)的道理和事實(shí)。三是確定全文所包括的要點(diǎn)。四是確定段落數(shù)及每段適用的連接詞、過(guò)渡句，使文章連接緊湊、過(guò)渡自然、層次分明。五是選擇全文主要時(shí)態(tài)及各段適用的其它時(shí)態(tài)。六是判斷該文的格式，是書信還是短文。審題完畢，隨即列出提綱。
二)、注重主題句的設(shè)置
主題句又叫中心句(topic sentence)，是段落的論點(diǎn)，限制段落中議論的范圍，是整個(gè)段落的綱領(lǐng)。主題句必須要正確，要明確表明作者贊成什么，反對(duì)什么。主題句在一篇百來(lái)字的議論文中好比“畫龍點(diǎn)睛”，幫助作者分層次闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)，讓讀者快速了解作者的`觀點(diǎn)。
1、確定主題句的位置
英語(yǔ)議論文的主題句宜設(shè)在段首第一句，這是由以下兩個(gè)因素決定的。1)、主題句出現(xiàn)的位置有三種情況：①在段首，以便讀者瀏覽主題句就可掌握文章的概要，這個(gè)位置適用于寫提供信息或解釋觀點(diǎn)的段落;②在段末;③段中(高長(zhǎng)梅，20xx)。2)、英語(yǔ)民族的思維特點(diǎn)是常采用路標(biāo)式(直線式)篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，即主題句在段首。
2、寫出好的主題句
好的主題句具有以下特點(diǎn)：①有一定的概括性，普遍性而不是羅列具體事實(shí)。②句意明確而不是模糊不著邊際。③讓人有話可寫而不是給出無(wú)可辯駁的事實(shí)。④不以問(wèn)題的方式出現(xiàn)，也不要同時(shí)表達(dá)兩個(gè)以上的觀點(diǎn)。筆者要求學(xué)生寫了以下的主題句：
1)Staying up late is bad for our health.
2)The more cars, the better?
3)There are two reasons why some people are fascinated by Super Girls and two reasons why some dislike them.
4)Beijing is famous for the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Imperial Palace and other places of interest.
5)a. Tom is a middle school student.
b. Tom is a hard-working middle school student.
6)Living in small cities is better than living in big cities.
然后讓學(xué)生對(duì)照主題句的特點(diǎn)，他們一致認(rèn)為1)、5)b、6)為好的主題句。在實(shí)踐和對(duì)比中，學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)了如何寫好的主題句，并且運(yùn)用到議論文寫作中，收到較好效果，見(jiàn)以下實(shí)例(下段黑體部分是主題句)。
Everyone lives by selling something. For example, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to calculate the true value of services which people perform for us. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.
由此可見(jiàn)，好的主題句能幫助作者闡明觀點(diǎn)，起到提綱挈領(lǐng)的作用。作者圍繞段落的中心論點(diǎn)，運(yùn)用多種方法展開(kāi)論證，達(dá)到以理服人的效果。
三)、用好連接詞和過(guò)渡句
從行文需要出發(fā)選用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞、過(guò)渡句可使整篇文章文句流暢，句意轉(zhuǎn)換自然，同時(shí)使表達(dá)合乎邏輯，文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。倘若一篇議論文的段落里不乏高級(jí)詞匯和復(fù)雜語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，但缺少了連接詞、過(guò)渡句的潤(rùn)色而不能從一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)自然地過(guò)渡到另一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，或段落里的各論據(jù)(supporting sentence)連接松散，勢(shì)必削弱論證的效果，就算不上一篇好的議論文。下面分別說(shuō)明如何有效運(yùn)用連接詞與過(guò)渡句。
1、句與句的連接詞
連接詞通常由連詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和插入語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。如何有效使用連接詞，使句意連貫、緊湊，以體現(xiàn)文章良好的嚴(yán)密的論證邏輯?
2.段與段的過(guò)渡句
過(guò)渡句幫助作者展示文章的條理和層次。恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用過(guò)渡句能使表達(dá)錦上添花。當(dāng)文章從一個(gè)層次轉(zhuǎn)換到另一個(gè)層次，或由一段內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)入另一段內(nèi)容時(shí)需要用過(guò)渡句。恰當(dāng)有效的運(yùn)用過(guò)渡句，效果明顯(見(jiàn)下文，題目及要求略，黑體部分為過(guò)渡句)。
Wearing school uniform every day spreads an order over many schools. Is it good or bad for students? Different people, however, have different opinions on this matter.
Some people say that it has a bad effect on developing students’ personal character. According to them, students are tired of wearing the same clothes every day, which is hard to tell who’s who. Furthermore, the cost of the school uniform is not low as many people think. With the bad quality, it’s not well worth the money.
However, as a popular saying goes: “Every coin has two sides.” Others argue that it is good for students. In their opinion, wearing school uniform will prevent students from wasting so much money on clothes and the time on catching up with the fashion. In addition, it’s easy for the teachers to recognize the students. There is no doubt that wearing school uniform every day is good for students.
In short, I firmly support the view that we should wear school uniform.(康珍，20xx)
上文黑體部分綜合體現(xiàn)了恰當(dāng)、有效運(yùn)用連接詞和過(guò)渡句的最佳效果。全文行文流暢、銜接自然、條理清楚，渾然不覺(jué)作者是在套用各種連接詞和過(guò)渡句。因此，非常有必要熟記一些常用典型的議論文過(guò)渡句，使議論文結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，論點(diǎn)清楚，行文流暢。
1)引言段的常用過(guò)渡句
Recently we had a heated discussion on…, Opinions are various among different people.
Different people have different opinions on the question of …
They differ greatly in their attitudes towards …
Different people hold different views/opinions on this matter.
Although most people think… I believe…
此類過(guò)渡句能迅速引起讀者注意，自然而然地引出全文要討論的話題，或者開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山地闡明文章的論點(diǎn)。
2)主體段的常用過(guò)渡句
Some may hold the view that… because… But others have a negative attitude. From their point of view…
Some people think that… While others believe…
Some people are for the idea of… because… But some people are against the idea of… because …
本文所指議論文的主體段可以是一段也可以是兩段。通過(guò)正確使用過(guò)渡句，文章思路清晰，結(jié)構(gòu)清楚，顯示作者嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)思維，增強(qiáng)表達(dá)效果。
3)結(jié)論段的常用過(guò)渡句
As far as I am concerned, I totally agree with the statement that…
Therefore, it’s easy to draw the conclusion that…
As a consequence/result, I firmly support the view that…
Taking all these factors into consideration, we may reach the conclusion that…
To sum up/in a word/in conclusion/in short/above all/in general/ generally speaking, I still hold the view that…
運(yùn)用過(guò)渡句的提示作用進(jìn)入結(jié)論段，作者或是重申論點(diǎn)，或是強(qiáng)調(diào)論點(diǎn)，以便加深讀者對(duì)全文的了解和深刻認(rèn)識(shí)。
英語(yǔ)議論文范文：
Should Examination Be Abolished (取消)?
The examination system has come to be the main theme (主題)of modern education. One should take an examination andsucceed in passing it before he could be admitted， promoted or graduated. As it plays so important a role in the realm of education (教育的領(lǐng)域) it is under much criticism (評(píng)論) as to its validity (有效性) . People who are in favour of it try to develop this system more; those who are against it believe that such a system should be abolished. Should examination be abolished? In my opinion it should be.
Many people think that an examination is the only means to test knowledge， but， in fact， that is not true. A few questions given in an examination could by no means cover the whole field of the subject. Thus those who are able to answer them may be the poorest of the students and yet happen to know just a few points about that subject.
I'd like to say that， because of the existence of the examination system， students pay so much attention to gaining high marks， that they often forget the chief purpose of education. The so-called clever students devote (貢獻(xiàn)) themselves to the study of textbooks only. They， of course， know nothing but the skeleton (梗概) of knowledge. The end and aim of education， however， is to enable students to learn how to live. To do this， students must get themselves to do all kinds of training， physicalas well as mental. The present examination system has discouraged students from making such an attempt.
Moreover， since the students try so hard to put their lessons into memory in as short a time as possible， psychologically (心理上來(lái)看)， they soon forget the whole subject as soon as the examination is over. Surely this is one of the greatest wastes ever made in the history of civilization.
Lastly， in order to get high marks， there is a great temptation (誘惑) for students to cheat (作弊) in an examination. Indeed， such a practice becomes the means to the end. They cheat their teachers， their parents and also themselves. Such a tendency would impair (損害) our moral standards (道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)) .
Therefore， I am of the opinion， in conclusion， that the examination system should be abolished.
英語(yǔ)寫作的方法指導(dǎo)2
第一段：考生需要簡(jiǎn)明扼要地闡述圖片內(nèi)容，并點(diǎn)出該圖畫的主題。第一句話引出話題：例如:Nothing gets people talking like the topic that parents ‘role in family education(圖畫反映出的話題);第二句話開(kāi)始正式描述圖畫，包含兩部分：中心人或物正在干什么，以及重要細(xì)節(jié)是什么，因?yàn)槭莾煞鶊D，就分別描寫即可。Just as we can see from the first picture,... But when glance at the second, we know tht…第三句可以簡(jiǎn)單翻譯中文標(biāo)題或是描述，或者直接引出主題And below the drawing, a title which says that…。
中間段為闡釋段。首句一般點(diǎn)出圖片的象征寓意，也就是明確指出圖片反映的社會(huì)問(wèn)題，也就是該篇作文的中心思想。這篇文章的主題是父母應(yīng)該通過(guò)行動(dòng)來(lái)做好孩子的`榜樣,我們可以這樣引出：What the cartoon really intend to extend is that parents should not only educate their children in words but also in deeds。具體的論證方法：原因，舉例，對(duì)比、在這里，我們可以使用原因。這里有一些原因句型,可供大家參考：
1. Owning to /considering /given the fact that +原因
2.The major determinant lies in…
3. It is well known that/as we all know,… therefore, …
4. There is no doubt that… consequently, …
最后一段，給出評(píng)論或總結(jié)提建議。可以從怎樣在行動(dòng)上起到表率作用為切入口進(jìn)行描述。
英語(yǔ)寫作的方法指導(dǎo)3
在大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)寫作過(guò)程中，一個(gè)好的開(kāi)頭猶如畫龍點(diǎn)睛，點(diǎn)亮了整篇文章得到好的印象分。
(1) 主題句法：The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects.
The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun, but the man with the portable computer in business class.
Believe it or not, optical illusion (錯(cuò)覺(jué)) can cut highway crashes.
(2) 問(wèn)題法：Do you know how many people die from traffic accidents every 23 minutes?
Why does cream go bad faster than butter?
(3) 對(duì)比法：Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future.
(4) 數(shù)據(jù)法：According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.
Honesty:根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，大學(xué)生向老師請(qǐng)假的理由當(dāng)中78%都是假的。
Living off Campus:根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，35%的學(xué)生不住宿舍，而是在學(xué)校外面租房子住。
Youth:根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查顯示，在某個(gè)大學(xué)，學(xué)生的課余時(shí)間的`70%都是在休閑娛樂(lè)。
The latest statistics show that …
(5) 故事法：Six o'clock yesterday (June 20th, Friday) afternoon when I was walking along the riverbank of our school, an unbelievable scene caught my eyes.
(6) 引語(yǔ)法：A proverb says, "You are only young once."（適用于記住的名言）
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.（自編名言）
英語(yǔ)寫作的方法指導(dǎo)4
第一招：審題細(xì)心
審題好比駕駛員打方向，方向?qū)α�，哪怕開(kāi)得慢點(diǎn)，也會(huì)順利到目的地。如果審題不清，書面表達(dá)的成績(jī)不知道會(huì)有多慘。學(xué)生真正開(kāi)始寫作前，必須花相當(dāng)一部分時(shí)間做寫前閱讀、思考等準(zhǔn)備，包含以下四方面：
1)審體裁。根據(jù)情景提示首先要弄清寫何種體裁文章。
2)審結(jié)構(gòu)。明確開(kāi)始部分、正文部分和結(jié)尾部分，定好段。3)審格式。如日記、便條、書信、通知的格式等。
4)審內(nèi)容。弄清什么必需寫，哪些略寫，尤其是圖畫式書面表達(dá)，要學(xué)會(huì)連貫性，讀懂圖的意思。
5)審人稱和時(shí)態(tài)。弄清書面表達(dá)要求用何種人稱，根據(jù)材料確定短文的基本時(shí)態(tài)。
第二招：銜接流暢
恰當(dāng)使用邏輯詞語(yǔ)，使各要點(diǎn)間連貫，行文通順。比如表并列或遞進(jìn): and, both…and, neither…nor,
not only…but also;表選擇:or, either…or; 表轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步:but, although, though,
however, even though, in spite of, on the contrary; 表對(duì)比:like, unlike,
while; 表舉例:for example, such as, that’s to say; 表強(qiáng)調(diào):in fact, of course,
besides; 表時(shí)間順序:when, after, before, as soon as, soon after;
表因果關(guān)系:because, since, as, for, for this reason，as a resu< 表結(jié)論:in a word, to sum up. In summary, in conclusion, on the whole;
第三招：短語(yǔ)地道
如果能多用短語(yǔ)，則可回避書面表達(dá)中的中式英語(yǔ)，同時(shí)也能減少錯(cuò)誤幾率。尤其在考試時(shí)，如果使用短語(yǔ)，會(huì)使文章增加亮點(diǎn)。
第四招：句式豐富
一篇可讀性強(qiáng)的文章，通常能較好體現(xiàn)學(xué)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)、詞塊、句式的運(yùn)用。因此各類句式的.多元呈現(xiàn)往往可以提升書面表達(dá)的成績(jī)。初中階段英語(yǔ)寫作常用的句式如下：
There be…;the more…the more…;It’s a for sb to do something;I think/believe/suppose…(賓從); It can’t be put into real experiment.(被動(dòng))等。尤其是復(fù)合句的適恰運(yùn)用對(duì)提升文章的層次很有幫助。
對(duì)大多數(shù)同學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)，仿寫很重要，在教材和很多的閱讀書籍中都蘊(yùn)含著豐富的好詞佳句。
第五招：情感真實(shí)
同樣的話題，有些文章沒(méi)什么情感，冷冰冰;有些文章很有溫度，有真情實(shí)感。情感真實(shí)主要可通過(guò)如下方法實(shí)現(xiàn)：
1)內(nèi)容的呈現(xiàn)。
比如：20xx年的中考英語(yǔ)：
書面表達(dá)My dream，大部分的作文都還是停留在表面上。但這個(gè)例子：I want to be a good father because my
daddy was always so busy when I was a little boy.He had no time with me and my mum…雖然文章的文采并不是很好，但很有真情實(shí)感，令讀者有心動(dòng)的感覺(jué)，也是好文章。
2)副詞的運(yùn)用。在句子的某些位置，添加副詞，可以使句子和文段更有人性味，更有情感性。如：I really enjoy the beauty of the sea in the sun.加了一個(gè)really，就有味道。
第六招：思維多元
書面表達(dá)話題雖多元，但在設(shè)題上基本為半開(kāi)放形式，因此半控制部分學(xué)生需要涵蓋題目所給信息并進(jìn)行適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，而半開(kāi)放部分，則要求學(xué)生根據(jù)話題內(nèi)容、自己的生活閱歷、個(gè)人思維層次結(jié)合自己的英語(yǔ)表述自己的個(gè)人看法。有些學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)水平比較好，但因?yàn)樵谒季S上比較局限想不出比較有深度、寬度和廣度的觀點(diǎn)，這也會(huì)在一定程度上約束書面的質(zhì)量。
第七招：整理獨(dú)到
進(jìn)入八年級(jí)以來(lái)，在平時(shí)寫作、單元練習(xí)、期中期末考試中，考生已積累了一定量與教材同話題的自己寫的英語(yǔ)小短文，建議在臨考前的最后階段把自己八年級(jí)以來(lái)
寫的不同話題的文章進(jìn)行修改，潤(rùn)色、整理、匯編成冊(cè)，制作一本個(gè)性化私人定制的“書面表達(dá)秘籍”，以備中考前高效復(fù)習(xí)用，以不變應(yīng)萬(wàn)變。
第八招：卷面美觀
1)不做涂改。需要在平時(shí)的書面表達(dá)中養(yǎng)成簡(jiǎn)列提綱、打草稿，再謄抄到答題卡的習(xí)慣。
2)及時(shí)補(bǔ)救。如果對(duì)答題卡上的書面表達(dá)有修改，建議用斜線劃掉相應(yīng)部分。
3)勤練規(guī)范。臨考前一個(gè)月，以中考答題卡的行距和長(zhǎng)度為參照，設(shè)計(jì)自己字的大小，字的間距，每行的字?jǐn)?shù)，以看起來(lái)舒服為準(zhǔn)。
英語(yǔ)寫作的方法指導(dǎo)5
在應(yīng)用文的寫作過(guò)程中，考生應(yīng)思路清晰，運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)句來(lái)表達(dá)意思。此外，還要使短文層次分明，合乎邏輯。意思連貫是指句子與句子、段落與段落之間銜接自然，整體性強(qiáng)。所用句子要完整、連貫、簡(jiǎn)潔。完整包括意義的完整和結(jié)構(gòu)的完整。連貫是指句子各部分之間銜接自然。簡(jiǎn)潔就是要做到只要意思充分表達(dá)了，用詞越少越好。當(dāng)然，句式還要有所變化，不出現(xiàn)重大語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。文章的長(zhǎng)度符合要求。大綱對(duì)兩篇短文的字?jǐn)?shù)都有明確要求，考生在寫作時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)注意控制字?jǐn)?shù)，使寫出的短文長(zhǎng)度符合要求。
“大小”有不同
考研英語(yǔ)小作文和大作文不同，有其獨(dú)特的特點(diǎn)。大致可分二十多個(gè)類型，例如申請(qǐng)信，介紹信等等。很多同學(xué)往往會(huì)忽視小作文的復(fù)習(xí)，認(rèn)為掌握了這幾種類型的模板就可以拿高分。實(shí)際上從歷年的考生成績(jī)來(lái)看，小作文得高分卻很難。小作文雖然分值不如大作文，但仍占有不小的比重，而且難度也不大，所以大家務(wù)必好好把握，讓小作文變成你的得分點(diǎn)。 “磨刀不誤砍柴工”，大家在拿到題目后應(yīng)該先認(rèn)真審題，弄清題目后再開(kāi)始寫，同時(shí)還應(yīng)注意要包括提綱或圖畫的'全部要點(diǎn)和信息。確保作文結(jié)構(gòu)清晰、表達(dá)清楚、意思連貫。
字?jǐn)?shù)少，易得分
應(yīng)用文的篇幅很短，這使得我們很容易得分。試想，如果想在閱讀理解中得到10分，你需要在理解一篇500-600字的文章的基礎(chǔ)上答對(duì)5道選擇題。從這個(gè)角度而言，小作文的確是容易拿分的部分，應(yīng)該成為考生提分的一個(gè)板塊。從歷年的考試情況來(lái)看，小作文的難度并不是很大，所以大家就更要花點(diǎn)時(shí)間，把小作文搞定。應(yīng)用文的這一個(gè)特點(diǎn)，仍然是和它的套路性、格式化有關(guān)。因此，我們更加需要用詞的準(zhǔn)確性。需要我們對(duì)于一些語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)體特點(diǎn)(genre features)進(jìn)行區(qū)分。以免讓詞匯的語(yǔ)體影響到準(zhǔn)確性。寫給機(jī)構(gòu)的信函，應(yīng)該避免使用太口語(yǔ)化的語(yǔ)言。正因?yàn)檫@種套路的穩(wěn)定性，對(duì)于同等基礎(chǔ)的考生來(lái)講，這部分很難達(dá)到技?jí)喝盒鄣男Ч�，很難拉開(kāi)和別人的距離。也就是說(shuō)，對(duì)于所有的考生來(lái)說(shuō)，得10分不容易，但是得2分甚至4分也很不容易。
英語(yǔ)寫作的方法指導(dǎo)6
1. 畫龍點(diǎn)睛，一篇文章的開(kāi)頭很重要。
在通常情況下，英語(yǔ)句子的排列方式為“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)”，即主語(yǔ)一般都會(huì)在謂語(yǔ)前面。但若根據(jù)情況適當(dāng)改變句子的開(kāi)頭方式，比如在文章的開(kāi)始的時(shí)候?qū)懸恍┑範(fàn)钫Z(yǔ)句或以狀語(yǔ)為起始語(yǔ)句的開(kāi)頭，這樣子的文章更具表現(xiàn)力和感染力。如：
(1) There stands an old temple at the top of the hill.
→ At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.
在小山頂上有一座古廟。
(2) You can do it well only in this way.
→ Only in this way can you do it well.
只有這樣你才能把它做好。
(3) A young woman sat by the window.
→ By the window sat a young woman.
窗戶邊坐著一個(gè)年輕婦女。
2. 避免重復(fù)使用同一詞語(yǔ)
為了使表達(dá)更生動(dòng)，更富表現(xiàn)力，同學(xué)們?cè)趯懽鲿r(shí)應(yīng)盡量避免重復(fù)使用同一詞語(yǔ)來(lái)表示同一意思，尤其是一些老生常談的詞語(yǔ)。如有的同學(xué)一看到“喜歡”二字，就會(huì)立刻想起like，事實(shí)上，英語(yǔ)中表示類似意思的詞和短語(yǔ)很多，如 love, enjoy, prefer, appreciate, be fond of, care for等。如：
I like reading while my brother likes watching television.
→ I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.
我喜歡看書，而我的兄弟卻喜歡看電視。
3. 合理使用省略句
合理恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂檬÷跃�，不僅可以使文章精練、簡(jiǎn)潔，而且會(huì)使文章更具文采和可讀性。如：
(1) He may be busy. If he’s busy, I’ll call later. If he is not busy, can I see him now?
→ He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now?
他可能很忙，要是這樣，我以后再來(lái)拜訪。要是不忙，我現(xiàn)在可以見(jiàn)他嗎?
(2) If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If it is not fine, we’ll not go.
→ If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If not, not.
如果天氣好，我們就去；如果天氣不好，我們就不去了。
(3) She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t do so.
→ She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t.
她本可申請(qǐng)這份工作的，但她沒(méi)有。
4. 適當(dāng)運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)
非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)通常被認(rèn)為是一種高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)，適當(dāng)運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，會(huì)給人一種熟練駕馭語(yǔ)言的印象。如：
(1) When he heard the news, they all jumped for joy.
→ Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.
聽(tīng)了這消息他們都高興得跳了起來(lái)。
(2) As I didn’t know her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.
→ Not knowing her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.
由于不知道她的地址，我沒(méi)法和她聯(lián)系。
(3) As he was born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.
→ Born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.
他出生農(nóng)民家庭，只上過(guò)兩年學(xué)。
5. 結(jié)合使用長(zhǎng)句與短句
在英語(yǔ)寫作中，過(guò)多地使用長(zhǎng)句或過(guò)多地使用短句都不好。正確的做法是，根據(jù)實(shí)際情況在文章中交替使用長(zhǎng)句與短語(yǔ)，使文章顯得錯(cuò)落有致，這樣不僅使文章在形式上增加美感，而且使文章讀起來(lái)鏗鏘有力。如：
At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. Then we had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess.
→ At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes and playing chess.
中午我們曬著太陽(yáng)吃野餐。休息一會(huì)兒后，我們唱的唱歌，跳的跳舞，還有的'講笑話、下棋，大家玩得很開(kāi)心。
6. 適當(dāng)使用短語(yǔ)代替單詞
(1) He has decided to be a teacher when he grows up.
→ He has made up his mind to be a teacher when he grows up.
他已決定長(zhǎng)大了當(dāng)老師。
(2) He doesn't like music.
→ He doesn't care much for music.
他不大喜歡音樂(lè)。
(3) He told me that the question was now under discussion.
→ He told me that the question was now being discussed.
他告訴我問(wèn)題現(xiàn)正正在討論中。
7. 恰當(dāng)套用某些固定表達(dá)
(1) He was very tired. He couldn’t walk any farther.
→ He was too tired to walk any farther.
他太累了，不能再往前走了。
(2) The film was very interesting. Both the teachers and the students liked it.
→ The film was so interesting that both the teachers and the students liked it.
這電影很有趣，學(xué)生和老師都很喜歡。
(3) Your son is old. He can look after himself now.
→ Your son is old enough to look after himself now.
你的兒子已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)大，可以自己照顧自己了。
8. 盡量使句子帶點(diǎn)“洋味”
(1) Don't worry. Be bold and try it, and you'll learn it soon.
→Don't worry. Just go for it, and you'll get it soon.
別擔(dān)心，大膽試一試，你很快就會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)的。
(2) Thank you for playing with us.
→Thank you for sharing the time with us.
謝謝你陪我玩。
9. 綜合使用各類所謂的“高級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)
(1) Now everyone knows the news. I think Jim must have let it out.
→ Now everyone knows the news. I think it must have been Jim who has let it out.
現(xiàn)在人人都知道這消息了，我想一定是吉姆把它泄露出去的。
(2) We had to stand there to catch the offender.
→ What we had to do was (to) stand there, trying to catch the offender.
我們所能做的只是站在那兒，設(shè)法抓住違章者。
(3) If her pronunciation is not better than her teacher’s, it is at least as good as her teacher’s.
→ Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher’s.
如果她的語(yǔ)音不比她的老師好的話，至少也不會(huì)比她老師的差。
10. 適當(dāng)使用名言警句點(diǎn)綴
在寫作時(shí)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況恰當(dāng)?shù)赜蒙弦粌删涿跃鋪?lái)點(diǎn)綴文章，不僅使文章顯得有深度、有智慧，而且會(huì)讓文章在評(píng)分中上一個(gè)“得分檔次”。如：
(1) As the proverb says, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though you fail this time, you needn’t lose heart. As long as you work hard and stick to your dream, you will succeed one day.
(2) There is a proverb goes like this “Life isn’t a bed of roses.” It is ture that it is likely for everyone to meet problems and difficulties in life.
(3) In the modern world, more and more people live alone, which is not so good for our life. It is better for us to make more friends and enjoy friendship. Just as a proverb says, “A near friend is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.”
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